Economic Calendar

Thursday, September 15, 2011

Freeport Copper Miners in Peru, Indonesia Strike to Support Wage Demands

By Alex Emery, Yoga Rusmana and Eko Listiyorini - Sep 14, 2011 10:13 PM GMT+0700

Freeport-McMoRan Copper & Gold Inc. (FCX)’s copper miners in Peru and Indonesia went on strike today after pay-increase talks broke down, union officials said.

About 1,200 workers at Freeport’s Sociedad Minera Cerro Verde SAA (CVERDEC1) unit, Peru’s third-largest copper producer, walked off their jobs at 8:30 a.m. New York time, Mining Federation General Secretary Luis Castillo said today by telephone. About 8,000 non-staff workers at Freeport’s Grasberg mine in Indonesia started a one-month strike at midnight local time, said Virgo Solossa, head of organizational affairs at the labor union.

Workers in Peru, Chile, Bolivia and Indonesia have gone on strike at copper, gold and zinc mines this year, seeking improved conditions and a bigger slice of record profits. Copper yesterday rose as much as 1.5 percent as threats of mine strikes heightened concern a global shortfall will increase.

“Freeport’s offer was insufficient,” union General Secretary Leoncio Amudio Amudio said yesterday by telephone from Arequipa, 750 kilometers (466 miles) southeast of Lima. “There was no chance of reaching an agreement.”

Freeport fell 71 cents, or 1.7 percent, to $41.29 as of 10:00 a.m. in New York trading. Cerro Verde rose 10 cents, or 0.3 percent, to $39 in Lima yesterday.

Cerro Verde miners held a 48-hour work stoppage last week. Freeport and Grasberg’s labor union ended 38 days of talks over 2011-2013 contract terms on Aug. 26 after failing to agree on wages. Negotiations started after the workers walked off from their jobs for eight days in July.

Copper Shortfall

A strike at Grasberg, located in Mimika, Papua province, 1,940 miles (3,120 kilometers) east of Jakarta, and in Peru could widen a global production shortfall of copper estimated at 670,000 metric tons this year by Barclays Capital and boost prices of the metal in London that have fallen more than 14 percent from a record $10,190 a ton on Feb. 15.

“The management expects the workers to cancel the strike plan and return to the negotiation table because the law gives them room to continue negotiation,” Ramdani Sirait, a Jakarta- based spokesman at Freeport, said in a text-message. He declined to comment on the impact of the strike on production and sales.

The Grasberg workers still expect wages to increase to between $17.50 and $43 an hour from $1.50 to $3.50, Solossa said today. The union cut their expectations from $35 to $200 an hour initially, he said Aug. 26. Freeport offered a compensation package that includes an increase in basic wages for non-staff employees of 22 percent over a two-year period, Sirait said on Sept. 5.

‘No Sincerity’

“We don’t see any sincerity from the company on resolving the pay issue and coming up with a new offer,” Solossa said by telephone today from Timika, the closest town to the mine. “We’ve obtained permits from the regent and chief of police for the strike.”

Workers in Peru are demanding a 9 percent annual wage rise, while Cerro Verde is offering a one-time bonus of 1,200 soles ($705), Amudio said.

Phoenix-based Freeport will continue negotiating a new labor contract, spokesman Eric Kinneberg said on Sept. 8. Cerro Verde, which is studying a $3.5 billion expansion to increase annual copper output by 45 percent, boosted first-half output by 4 percent to 161,246 metric tons.

Grasberg, where operations started in 1990, contains the world’s largest recoverable reserves of copper and the biggest gold reserves, according to Freeport’s website. Copper production at the mine fell to 1.22 billion pounds (553.4 million kilograms) last year from 1.41 billion pounds in 2009, according to the website. Gold output declined to 1.79 million ounces (50,745 kilograms) from 2.57 million ounces.

Copper for three-month delivery declined 1.7 percent to $8,617.75 a metric ton as of 4:13 p.m. local time on the London Metal Exchange.

To contact the reporter on this story: Alex Emery in Lima at aemery1@bloomberg.net.

To contact the editor responsible for this story: Dale Crofts at dcrofts@bloomberg.net.




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Crude Declines for a Second Day on U.S. Fuel Supplies, Economic Outlook

By Ben Sharples - Sep 15, 2011 9:34 AM GMT+0700

Oil dropped for a second day in New York as investors bet that increasing U.S. fuel stockpiles and signs of a weakening economy indicate demand will falter in the world’s biggest crude-consuming nation.

Futures declined as much as 0.7 percent after an Energy Department yesterday showed gasoline supplies rose 1.94 million barrels last week, the biggest increase since June. U.S. data today may show industrial production stalled in August, according to a survey of economists by Bloomberg News.

“The impact a weak U.S. economy is going to have on the oil price is probably largely factored in but if the outlook gets gloomier you’ll probably see more response there,” said David Land, head of analysis at CMC Markets Ltd. in Sydney.

Crude for October delivery decreased as much as 59 cents to $88.32 a barrel in electronic trading on the New York Mercantile Exchange and was at $88.68 at 12:29 p.m. Sydney time. The contract yesterday slid $1.30, or 1.4 percent, to $88.91. Prices are 17 percent higher the past year.

Brent oil for October settlement fell 55 cents, or 0.5 percent, to $111.85 a barrel on the London-based ICE Futures Europe exchange. The contract expires today. The more-active November future was down 29 cents at $109.36. Brent was at a premium of $23.26 to U.S. futures, compared with a record close of $26.87 on Sept. 6.

Death Cross

Oil in New York is also declining after a so-called “death cross” formed on the technical chart yesterday, when the 100- day moving average slipped below the 200-day mean, according to data compiled by Bloomberg. Investors tend to sell when a shorter moving average crosses below a longer one.

Societe Generale SA’s global asset allocation team went “underweight” on commodities, saying the asset class is in the “danger zone.” The team recommended that investors position for higher gold prices and lower oil prices in a report distributed yesterday by the Paris-based bank.

U.S. industrial production was probably unchanged last month compared with July, according to the Bloomberg survey before the Federal Reserve report today. That would be the weakest performance since factory output declined in April.

Gasoline stockpiles were forecast to fall, according to a Bloomberg News survey of analysts before yesterday’s Energy Department report. Consumption of the motor fuel dropped 1.2 percent to 8.85 million barrels a day in the week ended Sept. 9, the lowest since May, the report showed. Supplies of distillate fuel, a category that includes heating oil and diesel, increased 1.71 million barrels to 158.5 million, the highest level since February.

Storm Impact

Total crude inventories slid 6.7 million barrels to 346.4 million as Tropical Storm Lee closed platforms in the Gulf of Mexico, which accounts for 27 percent of U.S. supply. As much as 61 percent of production was shut, the Bureau of Ocean Energy Management, Regulation and Enforcement said on its website.

Bermuda’s weather service issued a hurricane watch as Tropical Storm Maria strengthened on a path that will take it west of the island today, according to the National Hurricane Center. Canadian offshore facilities operated by Exxon Mobil Corp., Royal Dutch Shell Plc and Hibernia Management & Development Co. are close to the storm’s projected path.

To contact the reporter on this story: Ben Sharples in Melbourne at bsharples@bloomberg.net

To contact the editor responsible for this story: Alexander Kwiatkowski in Singapore at akwiatkowsk2@bloomberg.net




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Google Buys 1,023 IBM Patents to Bolster Defense of Android

By Susan Decker and Brian Womack - Sep 15, 2011 3:36 AM GMT+0700

Google Inc. (GOOG) bought 1,023 patents from International Business Machines Corp. (IBM) as the Internet search and advertising company bolsters its strategy of defending against smartphone lawsuits.

Transfers recorded by the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office’s website yesterday show Google acquired the patents Aug. 17. Jim Prosser, a spokesman for the Mountain View, California- based company, confirmed the transaction today without providing details or financial terms. Chris Andrews, a spokesman for Armonk, New York-based IBM, declined to comment.

Google is building an arsenal of patents that the company has said is largely designed to counter a “hostile, organized campaign” by companies including Apple Inc. and Microsoft Corp. against the Android operating system for mobile devices. Google had already acquired 1,030 patents from IBM in a transaction recorded in July, and will obtain more than 17,000 with its $12.5 billion acquisition of Motorola Mobility Holdings Inc.

Android is a free, open-source program that relies on some nonproprietary features Google didn’t create and allows outside developers to modify the code. That has left the company and handset makers that use the system vulnerable to lawsuits claiming Android was built on the backs of research done by other technology companies.

Android handset makers HTC Corp. (2498), Samsung Electronics Co. and Motorola Mobility have each been targeted in lawsuits by Cupertino, California-based Apple, and Microsoft and Motorola Mobility have exchanged patent-infringement allegations.

To help in the fight, Google last month transfered to HTC nine patents it bought in the past year from companies including the former Motorola Inc. and Openwave Systems Inc. Taoyuan, Taiwan-based HTC used those patents last week in a new lawsuit that escalates its patent battle with Apple.

The IBM sale was previously reported by the SEO by the Sea blog.

To contact the reporters on this story: Susan Decker in Washington at sdecker1@bloomberg.net; Brian Womack in San Francisco at Bwomack1@bloomberg.net

To contact the editors responsible for this story: Peter Elstrom at pelstrom@bloomberg.net; Allan Holmes at aholmes25@bloomberg.net



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Obama Approval Plummets to New Low Among Americans Skeptical of Jobs Plan

By Julianna Goldman - Sep 14, 2011 11:01 AM GMT+0700
Enlarge image Obama Approval Plummets on Jobs Plan: Poll

By a margin of 51 percent to 40 percent, Americans doubt the package of tax cuts and spending proposals intended to jumpstart job creation that President Obama submitted to Congress this week will bring down the 9.1 percent jobless rate. Photographer: Andrew Harrer/Bloomberg

Enlarge image U.S. President Barack Obama

U.S. President Barack Obama pauses while making a speech to a joint session of Congress at the Capitol in Washington, D.C., U.S., on Thursday, Sept. 8, 2011. Obama called on Congress to pass a jobs plan that would inject $447 billion into the economy through infrastructure spending, subsidies to local governments to stem teacher layoffs, and cutting in half the payroll taxes paid by workers and small-business owners. Photographer: Kevin Lamarque/Pool via Bloomberg

Sept. 14 (Bloomberg) -- Matthew Dowd, former chief campaign strategist for George W. Bush, discusses President Barack Obama’s approval rating and the president's $447 billion jobs proposal. Dowd speaks with Deirdre Bolton, Erik Schatzker, Juliana Goldman and Michael McKee on Bloomberg Television's "InsideTrack." (Dowd is a Bloomberg Television political analyst. The opinions expressed are his own. Source: Bloomberg)

Sept. 14 (Bloomberg) -- Al Hunt, executive editor at Bloomberg News, talks about a Bloomberg National Poll on President Barack Obama's job approval rating. A majority of Americans don’t believe the president's $447 billion jobs plan will help lower the unemployment rate, and Americans disapprove of his handling of the economy by 62 percent to 33 percent, the poll conducted Sept. 9-12 shows. Hunt speaks on Bloomberg Television's "InBusiness With Margaret Brennan." (Source: Bloomberg)

Sept. 14 (Bloomberg) -- Joel Prakken, chairman of Macroeconomic Advisers LLC, talks about President Barack Obama's $447 billion jobs proposal. Prakken speaks with Deirdre Bolton and Erik Schatzker on Bloomberg Television's "InsideTrack." (Source: Bloomberg)



A majority of Americans don’t believe President Barack Obama’s $447 billion jobs plan will help lower the unemployment rate, skepticism he must overcome as he presses Congress for action and positions himself for re- election.

The downbeat assessment of the American Jobs Act reflects a growing and broad sense of dissatisfaction with the president. Americans disapprove of his handling of the economy by 62 percent to 33 percent, a Bloomberg National Poll conducted Sept. 9-12 shows. The disapproval number represents a nine point increase from six months ago.

The president’s job approval rating also stands at the lowest of his presidency -- 45 percent. That rating is driven down in part by a majority of independents, 53 percent, who disapprove of his performance.

“I don’t think he’s done as good a job as I think he could have,” said Paul Kaplan, 58, an unemployed Democrat from Philadelphia. “We were hopeful that things would improve in the economy and they’ve only gotten worse. People in Washington just don’t seem to want to cooperate with each other and work for the people.”

The poll hands Obama new lows in each of the categories that measures his performance on the economy: only 36 percent of respondents approve of his efforts to create jobs, 30 percent approve of how he’s tackled the budget deficit and 39 percent approve of his handling of health care.

Jobs Bill Skepticism

By a margin of 51 percent to 40 percent, Americans doubt the package of tax cuts and spending proposals intended to jumpstart job creation that Obama submitted to Congress this week will bring down the 9.1 percent jobless rate. That sentiment undermines one of the core arguments the president is making on the job act’s behalf in a nationwide campaign to build public support.

Compounding Obama’s challenge is that 56 percent of independents, whom the president won in 2008 and will need to win in 2012, are skeptical it will work.

“I think the jobs bill is a good start, but it’s hard to look at it real positively in light of what’s just happened with the budget,” said Jason Dumas, a 40 year-old independent voter from Charlotte, North Carolina. “The partisanship is still there and it seems like we’re gearing up more for the election.”

In all of the categories gauging Obama’s performance on economic issues, the president’s disapproval rating among independents is above 50 percent.

Independents’ Disapproval

On the economy, 29 percent of independents approve of the job Obama is doing while 66 percent disapprove. Obama is weakest among independents when it comes to his ability to reduce the deficit -- under a quarter of those respondents approve of his job in that category, while 67 percent disapprove. On job creation, 30 percent of independents approve of Obama’s efforts while 63 percent disapprove. He scored slightly better among independents on health care with 34 percent approving and 57 percent disapproving.

Forty-six percent of independents say they definitely won’t vote to re-elect the president, compared to 21 percent who definitely will support him. In 2008, Obama was backed by 52 percent of independent voters, compared to 44 percent who backed Republican nominee John McCain, an Arizona senator, according to exit polls.

In addition to lost ground with independents, Obama’s 2008 supporters are less enthused in the wake of the summer’s fight to raise the debt ceiling and avoid a default, according to the poll of 997 adults conducted by Selzer & Co., based in Des Moines, Iowa.

Core Support Decline

Of the respondents who said they’ve supported Obama at one point since he launched his presidential campaign in 2007, fewer than half say they still support him as fervently. Thirty- seven percent say their support has waned and 19 percent say he lost their backing because they’ve grown disappointed or angry with his leadership.

Almost a third of Democrats and Democratic-leaning respondents say they’d like to see Obama face a primary challenge.

The job performance areas where Obama scores favorably are his handling of the situation in Libya and fighting terrorism. Another rare bright spot in the poll is his favorability rating, which stands at 50 percent and is better than all of his prospective Republican rivals. House Speaker John Boehner, an Ohio Republican, has a favorability rating of 33 percent compared to 38 percent who view him unfavorably, a ten point jump from June before the debt ceiling standoff in August.

Unfavorability Rating

Even that ray of hope is a dim one. Obama’s unfavorability rating is 47 percent, just three percentage points below his favorability, which is within the poll’s margin of error of plus or minus 3.1 percentage points.

“I personally don’t think it’s his fault, I think it’s Congress,” said Krystal Carter, 40, a Democrat, who is an esthetician in Davenport, Florida. “They’re like a bunch of kindergarteners. I think we just need to vote all them out and start over.”

As Obama urges Congress to act on the jobs bill and prepares to engage in debate over a $1.5 trillion to $2 trillion debt-reduction plan, Americans give him low marks on his negotiating style. By a margin of 52 percent to 37 percent, they disapprove of how Obama negotiates with the Republican majority in the House of Representatives. Fifty-eight percent of Democrats approve of Obama’s negotiating skills, while 71 percent of Republicans disapprove. Among independents, 55 percent are critical of his skills.

Stand for Something

“If he believes in something, then he needs to stand for it,” said Dumas, the North Carolina independent who works in video production. “He needs to back it and not play both sides. It hasn’t really served him well.”

Obama has pledged to stand firm on the jobs program. “This isn’t about giving Democrats or Republicans a win. It’s about giving the American people a win,” he said at a jobs event in Columbus, Ohio, yesterday.

While respondents are skeptical that the program will reduce the unemployment rate, the poll found support for some of its components.

The plan’s call for approximately $35 billion in direct aid to state and local governments to stem layoffs of educators and emergency personnel is favored by 71 percent of Americans compared to 27 percent who oppose it. While the proposal was the most popular in the poll, it is also the least likely to pass Congress because Republicans have expressed opposition to new spending.

Tax Centerpiece

The centerpiece of the proposal -- and the plank that Republicans have said they are most willing to consider -- is a cut in payroll taxes, which cover the first $106,800 in earnings and are evenly split between employers and employees.

Respondents are evenly split at 45 percent on this approach, which would cost $240 billion to the U.S. Treasury. Independents oppose it 47 percent versus 43 percent who favor it.

The White House also would use temporary payroll tax reductions next year to offer incentives for new hiring and to assist small businesses -- something Kaplan, a Democratic Party official in Philadelphia, said would help him.

“I hope it gets passed quickly, I’m one of the people who might benefit from it directly,” he said. “I myself have been out of work for six months now. I haven’t even had an interview.”

Others are less optimistic. Since World War II, no U.S. president has won re-election with a jobless rate above 6 percent, with the exception of Ronald Reagan, who faced 7.2 percent unemployment on Election Day in 1984.

“He can promise the moon,” said Carter. “But if Congress can’t get their act together and vote to pass it, it’s never going to happen.”

To contact the reporter on this story: Julianna Goldman in Washington at jgoldman6@bloomberg.net

To contact the editor responsible for this story: Mark Silva in Washington at msilva34@bloomberg.net.




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Stocks, Euro Extend Advance as Germany, France Confirm Support for Greece

By Michael P. Regan and Rita Nazareth - Sep 15, 2011 6:24 AM GMT+0700

Enlarge image Stocks, Euro Gain on Europe Debt Optimism

Frank T. Masiello of Barclays Capital, left, works at the New York Stock Exchange on Sept. 14, 2011. Photographer: Scott Eells/Bloomberg

Sept. 14 (Bloomberg) -- Axel Merk, president and chief investment officer at Merk Investments LLC in Palo Alto, California, talks about global currencies, Europe's sovereign-debt crisis, and monetary policies of the European Central Bank and the Federal Reserve. Merk speaks with Susan Li on Bloomberg Television's "First Up." (Source: Bloomberg)

Sept. 14 (Bloomberg) -- Stephen Halmarick, Sydney-based head of investment markets research at Colonial First State Global Asset Management, talks about global financial markets. Halmarick, speaking with Susan Li on Bloomberg Television's "First Up," also discusses Europe's sovereign debt crisis. (Source: Bloomberg)

Sept. 14 (Bloomberg) -- Krishna Memani, director of fixed income at OppenheimerFunds Inc., discusses Moody’s Investors Service cutting the long-term credit ratings of Credit Agricole SA and Societe Generale SA by one level. Moody’s put the companies, along with BNP Paribas SA, on review for a possible downgrade on June 15, citing the risks posed by their investments in Greece. Memani speaks with Deirdre Bolton and Erik Schatzker on Bloomberg Television's "InsideTrack." (Source: Bloomberg)

Sept. 14 (Bloomberg) -- Vincent Truglia, managing director at Granite Springs Asset Management, talks about Europe's sovereign debt crisis and the implications if Italy defaults on its debt. Truglia also discusses the likelihood that Greece will default on its obligations. He speaks with Lisa Murphy on Bloomberg Television's "Fast Forward." (Source: Bloomberg)

U.S. stocks and the euro extended gains as French President Nicolas Sarkozy and German Chancellor Angela Merkel said they’re convinced Greece will remain in the euro area, according to a statement issued by Sarkozy after they spoke to Greek Prime Minister George Papandreou by telephone. Photographer: Scott Eells/Bloomberg

Financial traders monitor computer screens at their desks inside the Frankfurt Stock Exchange in Frankfurt. Photographer: Hannelore Foerster/Bloomberg


Stocks rallied, sending the Standard & Poor’s 500 Index higher for a third day, and the euro extended gains as German and French leaders expressed support for Greece to remain in the euro monetary union and speculation grew that China may help Europe’s most-indebted nations.

The S&P 500 gained 1.4 percent to close at 1,188.68, while its December futures slid less than 0.1 percent as of 7:21 p.m. in New York. The Stoxx Europe 600 Index added 1.5 percent. The euro rose 0.6 percent to $1.3755. Ten-year Treasury yields fell one basis point to 1.98 percent. Oil futures fell 1.4 percent to $88.91 a barrel after an increase in fuel inventories and crude helped lead the S&P GSCI Index of commodities down 0.6 percent.

U.S. stocks and the euro extended gains as French President Nicolas Sarkozy and German Chancellor Angela Merkel said they’re convinced Greece will remain in the euro area, according to a statement issued by Sarkozy after they spoke to Greek Prime Minister George Papandreou by telephone. Italian and Spanish debt rose as Zhang Xiaoqiang, a vice chairman of the National Development and Reform Commission, said China is willing to buy bonds of nations hit by the debt crisis.

“It’s a relief rally,” John Carey, a Boston-based money manager at Pioneer Investments, said in a telephone interview. The firm oversees about $250 billion. “Over the last few days, there had been speculation that Germany was about to pull the plug and abandon the effort to keep Greece solvent and funded. Stocks have been beaten up and there are bargains. On the slightest bit of potentially good news, people tend to come in and scoop up some of those bargains.”

Plunge Erased

The S&P 500 climbed to the highest level since Sept. 7, with the three-day rally erasing a 2.7 percent slide on Sept. 9 that was triggered by reports Germany was preparing to shore up banks in the event of a Greek default.

Industrial, consumer-discretionary and technology companies climbed at least 1.6 percent collectively to lead gains among all 10 of the main industry groups in the S&P 500. General Electric Co., Home Depot Inc. and Walt Disney Co. rose at least 2.5 percent for the biggest gains in the Dow Jones Industrial Average, which surged 140.88 points, or 1.3 percent, to 11,246.73. Yahoo! Inc. climbed 2.1 percent as investor Third Point LLC ramped up pressure on the company’s board, saying it may add to its 5.2 percent stake and the All Things D blog reported that potential buyers were preparing bids for the company.

Greece’s Papandreou today committed to meet deficit- reduction targets demanded as a condition for an international bailout, according to statements distributed by Athens and Paris. Sarkozy and Merkel “are convinced that the future of Greece is in the euro zone,” the French statement said, easing concern that the monetary union may fall apart. European equity markets closed before the statement was released.

Austria Vote

The S&P 500 briefly erased gains and European stocks trimmed their advance earlier as Austria’s finance ministry said a parliamentary vote on an overhaul of the European Financial Stability Facility bailout fund will be delayed. The parliament’s finance committee rejected adding the item to the agenda of a meeting today.

China is willing to offer assistance, NDRC’s Zhang said without elaborating, adding that Premier Wen Jiabao made similar remarks earlier, according to a transcript distributed on the planning agency’s website yesterday evening. Caijing magazine attended the briefing and published an article earlier.

U.S. stocks rose even after the Commerce Department said retail sales were unchanged in August, following a 0.3 percent gain for July that was smaller than previously estimated. The median forecast of 83 economists surveyed by Bloomberg News was a 0.2 percent rise. Another report from the Commerce Department showed inventories rose a less-than-forecast 0.4 percent in July, indicating companies are bracing for a slowdown in demand.

Credit Risk

A gauge of U.S. corporate credit risk declined for a second day from a two-year high. The Markit CDX North America Investment Grade Index, which investors use to hedge against losses on corporate debt or to speculate on creditworthiness, fell 2.1 basis points to a mid-price of 129 basis points, according to index administrator Markit Group Ltd.

Concern the global economy will slip back into a recession amid a worsening sovereign-debt crisis triggered an 18 percent plunge in the S&P 500 between the end of April and Aug. 8. The index has rebounded 6.2 percent since. The Stoxx 600 climbed 2.4 percent in two days after reaching a two-year low at the beginning of the week. Developing nation equities entered a bear market yesterday, with the MSCI Emerging Markets Index extending its loss from its high for the year to 20 percent and slipping another 1.2 percent today.

U.S. Pessimism

Pessimism about the economy has deepened and confidence in both U.S. political parties has fallen, with only 20 percent saying the country is on the right course. As little as 9 percent of Americans say they are confident the economy won’t slide into a recession, according to a Bloomberg National Poll.

Ten-year Treasury yields reached an all-time low of 1.877 percent on Sept. 12 and gold futures rallied to a record $1,923.70 an ounce on Sept. 6 as investors pursued assets considered to be the most safe. Gold for December delivery lost 0.2 percent to $1,826.50 today.

Treasury 30-year bonds rose today after the U.S. sold $13 billion of the securities at a record low yield of 3.31 percent amid bets the Federal Reserve will buy more bonds. The auction was the last of three sales totaling $66 billion this week. Existing 30-year bond yields lost six basis points to 3.27 percent.

Driving the Markets

“At the end of the day, Europe is still driving these markets for the foreseeable future,” said Justin Lederer, an interest-rate strategist at primary dealer Cantor Fitzgerald LP in New York. “We might see small moves, but the European problems have underscored these low rates.”

Almost six shares advanced for each that declined in the Stoxx 600. Next Plc rallied 6.3 percent as the U.K.’s second- largest clothing retailer reported a gain in first-half earnings and said next year may not be as challenging for the industry.

Societe Generale SA, France’s third-largest bank by assets, fell 2.9 percent after Moody’s Investors Service cut its long- term debt rating by one level. BNP Paribas (BNP) SA, which was kept on review for a possible cut, lost 3.9 percent.

Oil, Gasoline

Crude oil declined after the U.S. government reported that fuel inventories climbed, demand dropped and retail sales stalled in the world’s biggest oil-consuming country. Futures decreased as much as 2.2 percent after the Energy Department said gasoline supplies rose 1.94 million barrels last week, the biggest gain since June. Fuel use fell 3.8 percent. Gasoline for October delivery lost 0.6 percent to $2.7258 a gallon on the New York Mercantile Exchange.

Societe Generale went “underweight” on commodities, saying the asset class is “in the danger zone.”

“Prices of cyclically sensitive commodity prices, such as crude oil and copper, have held up well over recent weeks despite the recent deceleration in economic activity, and we believe that this should contribute to a meaningful drop,” the French bank said in its cross-asset research report. Societe Generale (GLE) is recommending investors position for higher gold prices and lower oil prices.

To contact the reporters on this story: Michael P. Regan in New York at mregan12@bloomberg.net; Rita Nazareth in New York at rnazareth@bloomberg.net

To contact the editor responsible for this story: Nick Baker at nbaker7@bloomberg.net




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Black Swan Funds Said to Soar Amid Europe Crisis

By Shannon D. Harrington and Saijel Kishan - Sep 15, 2011 2:04 AM GMT+0700

Enlarge image Par6502157

Clashes broke out between police and demonstrators today as thousands took to the streets of Greece's second city of Thessaloniki in a mass protest against austerity measures. Photographer: Sakis Mitrolidis/AFP/Getty Images


Hedge funds created to protect investors against market shocks in the wake of the biggest recession in seven decades are soaring as Europe’s intensifying debt crisis infects markets globally.

Saba Capital Management LP’s $550 million so-called tail risk fund has gained 11.5 percent in September after increasing 15 percent last month, according to a person with knowledge of its performance. Pine River Capital Management LP’s $160 million tail fund advanced 14.5 percent in August, an investor familiar with the returns said. They asked not to be identified because the results are private.

Hedge funds have lost 4.8 percent since July 30 on growing concern that Europe’s leaders will fail to stem a crisis of confidence that has sent borrowing costs of nations from Greece to Italy to euro-era records. Saba, founded by former Deutsche Bank AG credit trader Boaz Weinstein, gained as junk bonds had their biggest monthly losses since the months after Lehman Brothers Holdings Inc.’s bankruptcy in 2008.

“The tail fund benefited from our focus on credit because equity just hasn’t moved as much proportionally,” Weinstein said. “This is not altogether surprising considering the level of fear and uncertainty related to sovereign and bank solvency.”

Weinstein declined to comment on his fund’s specific returns. Patrick Clifford, a spokesman for Minnetonka, Minnesota-based Pine River, also declined comment.

Black Swans

Tail funds derive their name from the outlying points, or tails, on bell-shaped curves that forecasters use to plot the probability of losses or gains in a given market.

Hedging against improbable events was pioneered in the 1980s by traders including Nassim Nicholas Taleb, whose 2007 book, “The Black Swan,” warned that bankers relying too much on probability models had become blind to potential catastrophes.

Taleb consults with Universa Investments LP, a hedge fund founded and owned by Mark Spitznagel that seeks to protect clients against black-swan events, a reference to the widely held belief that only white swans existed, until black ones were discovered in Australia in 1697.

Pine River formed its fund in June 2010 at the request of investors who wanted access to the techniques used by its primary multi-strategy fund, which gained 40 percent during 2008 and 2009. Saba started its version in November.

Capula, Gramercy

Other firms running the strategy include Capula Investment Management, which began a fund in March 2010 that’s grown to $2 billion. It climbed more than 5 percent this month after a 5.36 percent gain in August, according to an investor familiar with the performance. The fund has risen about 11 percent this year.

A tail risk fund managed by Gramercy, a Greenwich, Connecticut-based investment firm that oversees more than $2 billion, gained 9.8 percent in September and is up 29 percent since its May 1 inception, according to a person familiar with the fund’s returns.

The managers profited as the VIX index, a measure of stock- market volatility known as Wall Street’s “fear gauge,” more than doubled in the past two months.

A measure of price swings over a 30-day period for the Markit CDX North America Investment Grade Index, a credit- default swaps benchmark used to hedge against losses, tripled since May, reaching the highest in 14 months, prices from Markit Group Ltd. show.

The index, which rises as investor confidence deteriorates, soared to 135.9 basis points on Sept. 12, the highest level in more than two years, from 91.9 at the end of June.

Junk Bonds

Company bonds rated below BBB- by Standard & Poor’s and lower than Baa3 by Moody’s Investors Service lost 4 percent in August, the biggest loss since November 2008, according to Bank of America Merrill Lynch index data. The S&P 500 Index (SPX) decreased 5.4 percent last month, including reinvested dividends, and has dropped 10.7 percent since the end of June through yesterday.

Hedge funds globally declined 4.8 percent in the seven weeks ended Sept. 12, according to a Hedge Fund Research Inc. index of preliminary data that tracks 40 firms. A broader gauge of the Chicago-based research firm fell 2.3 percent in August, the worst month since May 2010.

Billionaire investor John Paulson’s Advantage Plus Fund, which seeks to profit from corporate events such as takeovers and bankruptcies, lost 15 percent in August, two people familiar with the firm said last week. The rout extended the fund’s loss this year to 34 percent for Paulson, who has been betting on an economic recovery by the end of 2012.

BlueMountain, PAMLI

Some credit strategies that seek to avoid big bets on the direction of the economy, known as long/short funds, gained or outperformed the market last month, including New York-based Saba’s flagship $3.65 billion fund, which rose 2.5 percent, a person familiar with the fund said last week.

BlueMountain Capital Management’s Credit Alternatives Fund, which seeks to profit from dislocations between bonds, loans and derivatives, fell 1.89 percent in August, leaving its gains for the year at 3.06 percent, according to a note to investors. A spokeswoman for the firm declined to comment.

PAMLI Capital Management LLC’s $115 million PAMLI Global Credit Strategies fund gained 5.02 percent, according to a person familiar with the fund’s performance. The firm was founded in January by former Highbridge Capital Management LLC portfolio manager Faisal Syed.

To contact the reporters on this story: Shannon D. Harrington in New York at sharrington6@bloomberg.net; Saijel Kishan in New York at skishan@bloomberg.net

To contact the editors responsible for this story: Alan Goldstein at agoldstein5@bloomberg.net; Christian Baumgaertel at cbaumgaertel@bloomberg.net




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Wednesday, September 14, 2011

Rubber Futures Drop in Tokyo as European Debt Crisis Seen Lowering Demand

By Aya Takada and Supunnabul Suwannakij - Sep 14, 2011 11:49 AM GMT+0700

Rubber dropped amid speculation that slowing growth in Asian economies and Europe’s sovereign- debt crisis may weaken demand for the commodity used in tires.

The February-delivery contract fell as much as 0.7 percent to 362.2 yen a kilogram ($4,707 a metric ton) before trading at 362.5 yen on the Tokyo Commodity Exchange at 1:44 p.m. local time. Futures earlier gained 0.4 percent.

Oil fell from a six-week high in New York and Asian currencies weakened, led by South Korea’s won, after the Asian Development Bank cut its 2011 growth forecast for the region excluding Japan today. It also said inflation will put pressure on regional policy makers to manage price increases even as a faltering global recovery reduces economic growth.

“The downward revision of growth forecast of Asian countries raised concern that slowing economy will hurt demand,” said Chaiwat Muenmee, analyst at Bangkok-based commodity broker DS Futures Co. “Besides, debt issues in Europe remain unresolved.”

The Manila-based lender cut its 2011 growth forecast to 7.5 percent from an April estimate of 7.8 percent, according to the Asian Development Outlook 2011 Update report released today. It raised the region’s inflation estimate to 5.8 percent this year, from a previous forecast of 5.3 percent.

The euro maintained a four-day decline against the yen on concern Greece’s debt woes will raise borrowing costs for other countries in the region. U.S. Treasury Secretary Timothy F. Geithner will urge European governments to step up their crisis- fighting efforts when he meets finance ministers this week, a euro-area official said.

Thailand Floods

Rubber declined 12 percent this year after reaching a record 535.7 yen on Feb. 18 amid worries that the crisis in Europe would hurt the global economic recovery.

“Flooding in Thailand caused some concerns over the supply situation, while the macro economy is still uncertain,” Ker Chung Yang, an analyst at Phillip Futures Pte., said by phone from Singapore. Investors are worried that the debt crisis in Europe may spread and lower demand, he added.

Flash floods and landslides in Thailand have submerged 48 of the country’s 77 provinces in the last two months, according to the Department of Disaster Prevention and Mitigation, with 21 provinces still affected. About 3.68 million rai (588,800 hectares) of farm land may have been damaged, the Ministry of Agriculture and Cooperatives said on its website yesterday.

The cash price of Thai rubber was at 141.4 baht ($4.67) a kilogram today, according to the Rubber Research Institute of Thailand. In Shanghai, rubber for January delivery fell 2 percent to 33,045 yuan ($5,167) a ton at midday break.

Natural-rubber imports by China, the world’s largest consumer, were 200,000 tons in August, according to a statement on the country’s customs agency website on Sept. 10. That compares with 130,000 tons in July and 160,000 tons a year ago, according to Bloomberg data.

To contact the reporter on this story: Supunnabul Suwannakij in Bangkok at ssuwannakij@bloomberg.net; Aya Takada at atakada2@bloomberg.net

To contact the editor responsible for this story: Richard Dobson at rdobson4@bloomberg.net




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Gold Advances for Second Day as European Debt Risk Drives Haven Demand

By Glenys Sim and Phoebe Sedgman - Sep 14, 2011 11:18 AM GMT+0700

Gold advanced for a second day as concern about Europe’s sovereign-debt crisis spurred demand for the metal as a haven investment.

Immediate-delivery gold rose as much as 0.6 percent to $1,844.98 an ounce and traded at $1,836.85 at 12:04 p.m. in Singapore. The metal rebounded yesterday from a two-day drop as investors sought safe assets. December-delivery bullion gained as much as 1 percent to $1,848.20 an ounce in New York before trading at $1,840.30.

“The one monetary asset that doesn’t have a central bank working against it is gold,” Robert Sinche, global head of currency strategy at RBS Securities Inc., said in a Bloomberg Television interview. “With liquidity still being abundant in the global environment we do think gold probably still has some good risk-reward characteristics even at these levels.”

Greek Prime Minister George Papandreou will hold a conference call with German Chancellor Angela Merkel and French President Nicolas Sarkozy today amid increasing speculation that Greece will default. Merkel has said she won’t let Greece go into “uncontrolled insolvency”.

Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao said at the World Economic Forum today that China is willing to help Europe and warned that the most important issue is to prevent the crisis from spreading. Greece’s perceived chance of default in the next five years has soared to 98 percent, based on a standard pricing model of credit-default swaps.

$2,000 Gold

Gold is expected to hit highs of “well above $2,000 in the coming months” on lower bond yields, expectations of poor risky asset returns and volatility, growing European sovereign debt concerns and general risk aversion owing to uncertain global economic conditions,” TD Securities analysts including Bart Melek wrote in a report.

The firm expects gold to average $1,975 an ounce in 2012 and $1,750 an ounce in 2013, compared with previous estimates of $1,850 an ounce for 2012 and $1,650 an ounce for 2013. Cash gold reached a record $1,921.15 an ounce on Sept. 6.

“There’s increasing uncertainty in the European market,” Natalie Robertson, a commodity analyst at Australia & New Zealand Banking Group Ltd., said by phone from Melbourne. “Markets are going to continue to react in a risk-off manner and that will be supportive for gold.”

Cash silver fell 0.2 percent to $40.9075 an ounce. Spot platinum was little changed at $1,815 an ounce, while palladium dropped 0.2 percent to $724.50 an ounce.

To contact the reporters for this story: Phoebe Sedgman in Melbourne at psedgman2@bloomberg.net; Glenys Sim in Singapore at gsim4@bloomberg.net

To contact the editor responsible for this story: James Poole at jpoole4@bloomberg.net



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Crude Oil Drops From Six-Week High on Concern Economic Recovery to Falter

By Ben Sharples - Sep 14, 2011 11:44 AM GMT+0700

Oil fell from a six-week high as investors speculated that gains this week were exaggerated amid concern that Europe’s debt crisis and the faltering U.S. economic recovery will temper fuel demand.

Futures slipped as much as 1.6 percent after technical indicators signaled the biggest gain in almost a week yesterday may have been excessive. Treasury Secretary Timothy F. Geithner will meet European finance ministers this week to discuss efforts contain the region’s sovereign-debt troubles. The International Energy Agency yesterday cut global oil-consumption forecasts for this year and 2012.

“There is overall reduced demand as a consequence of weaker than expected economic growth in the developed economies,” Ric Spooner, a chief market analyst at CMC Markets in Sydney, said by telephone today. “Growth in the big Western economies is weaker than it was a few months ago and getting weaker all the time.”

Crude for October delivery dropped as much as $1.48 to $88.73 a barrel in electronic trading on the New York Mercantile Exchange and was at $88.90 at 2:42 p.m. Sydney time. The contract yesterday advanced $2.02 to $90.21, the highest close since Aug. 3. Prices are 16 percent higher the past year.

Brent oil for October settlement fell 62 cents, or 0.6 percent, to $111.27 a barrel on the London-based ICE Futures Europe Exchange. The European benchmark contract’s premium to U.S. futures was at $22.37, compared with a record close of $26.87 on Sept. 6.

Technical Indicators

New York oil’s five-day stochastic oscillators rose above 70, signaling prices increased too quickly this week, according to data compiled by Bloomberg. Futures also stopped advancing before the 50-day moving average, which was at $90.72 a barrel today. A failure to breach technical resistance typically means prices will change direction.

Geithner will meet European Union finance ministers in Wroclaw, Poland, on Sept. 16 and 17. It will be the first time he has attended a session of Europe’s Economic and Financial Affairs Council, known as Ecofin.

The Paris-based IEA lowered its estimate for oil consumption this year by 200,000 barrels a day and by 400,000 in 2012. Worldwide demand will rise 1.2 percent to 89.3 million barrels a day this year and 1.6 percent to 90.7 million next year. The full resumption of Libyan exports following the ouster of Muammar Qaddafi will be “long and difficult,” it said.

U.S. Economy

“The market will focus on developments in the Eurozone, ongoing weakness in economic data, and the restart of production in Libya,” Tom Pawlicki, a Chicago-based analyst at MF Global Holdings Ltd., said in a note today.

U.S. retail sales probably climbed 0.2 percent in August, the slowest pace in three months, as job and income growth weakened, according to the median estimate in a Bloomberg News survey of 73 economists before a report today. Sales increased 0.5 percent in July.

Gasoline inventories rose 2.76 million barrels last week, the American Petroleum Institute said yesterday. That compares with a forecast decline of 500,000 barrels in an Energy Department report today, according to the median of 14 analyst estimates in a Bloomberg News survey.

Crude supplies fell 5.05 million barrels, the API said. The Energy Department report may say they dropped 3 million barrels after Tropical Storm Lee shut output in the Gulf of Mexico, according to the Bloomberg News survey.

The API collects stockpile information on a voluntary basis from operators of refineries, bulk terminals and pipelines. The government requires that reports be filed with the Energy Department for its weekly survey. API crude stockpiles are 4.2 percent higher than the five-year average. Gasoline stockpiles are 1.9 percent higher.

Maria, the 14th named storm of the Atlantic hurricane season, gained speed on a path that may take it toward refineries in Canada.

To contact the reporter on this story: Ben Sharples in Melbourne at bsharples@bloomberg.net

To contact the editor responsible for this story: Alexander Kwiatkowski in Singapore at akwiatkowsk2@bloomberg.net



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JPMorgan, Morgan Stanley Warn Investors of Tough Quarter for Trading Units

By Michael J. Moore and Dawn Kopecki - Sep 14, 2011 2:48 AM GMT+0700

Enlarge image Morgan Stanley Point to Difficult Trading Environment

Morgan Stanley, based in New York, posted negative fixed-income trading revenue of $29 million in the fourth quarter of 2010, or positive $813 million excluding the impact of its own credit spreads, the lowest figure since 2008. Photographer: Mario Tama/Getty Images

JPMorgan Chase & Co. signage is displayed in front of the headquarters building in New York. Photographer: Jin Lee/Bloomberg


JPMorgan Chase & Co. (JPM) and Morgan Stanley (MS) warned investors that their stock- and bond-trading businesses are facing a difficult third quarter as the U.S. economy weakens and Europe’s debt crisis intensifies.

JPMorgan’s trading revenue will drop about 30 percent this quarter from the prior three months, James E. Staley, chief executive officer of the firm’s investment bank, said today at a Barclays Capital conference in New York. Morgan Stanley Chief Financial Officer Ruth Porat said at the same event that the fixed-income trading environment has been worse than in 2010’s fourth quarter, when the five biggest U.S. investment banks posted their lowest trading revenue since the financial crisis.

Corporations pulled back from the market, particularly in August, when the Dow Jones Industrial Average posted 400-point moves on four consecutive days for the first time ever, Staley said. Investors have been grappling with fallout from Standard & Poor’s downgrade of the U.S. credit rating and the risk that a default by Greece could hurt European banks.

“This quarter, the market environment clearly remains difficult with challenging credit markets in particular due to wider spreads and illiquidity,” Porat, 53, said. “Macro products have been relatively better than credit, but the volatility has prevented clients from taking much risk given difficulty in trading.”

Morgan Stanley, based in New York, posted negative fixed- income trading revenue of $29 million in the fourth quarter of 2010, or positive $813 million excluding the impact of its own credit spreads, the lowest figure since 2008. The firm reported $2.09 billion of fixed-income trading revenue last quarter.

Value-at-Risk

Morgan Stanley continued to reduce its value-at-risk during the third quarter after cutting back in mid-June, Porat said. While equity volume has increased this quarter, much of the business has been in lower-margin electronic trading, she said.

JPMorgan, also based in New York, earned $5.5 billion in equity and fixed-income trading during the second quarter. Third-quarter fees from investment banking will fall by about half, Staley said, projecting about $1 billion in total fees compared with $1.92 billion in the second quarter.

JPMorgan will report a “modest loss” in its private- equity unit of about $100 million and asset-management revenue will likely be hurt by the equity-market declines, Staley, 54, said.

To contact the reporters on this story: Michael J. Moore in New York at mmoore55@bloomberg.net; Dawn Kopecki in New York at dkopecki@bloomberg.net

To contact the editor responsible for this story: David Scheer at dscheer@bloomberg.net



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Greece Should ‘Default Big’: Blejer

By Eliana Raszewski and Camila Russo - Sep 14, 2011 6:18 AM GMT+0700

Enlarge image Greece Should ‘Default Big’

Greek taxi drivers hold a banner reading "Union of Kozani" as they chant slogans during a demonstration in central Athens on September 13, 2011. Photographer: Aris Messinis/AFP/Getty Images

Sept. 14 (Bloomberg) -- Stephen Wood, the New York-based chief market strategist for Russell Investments, talks about euro region's debt crisis and the outlook for U.S. equities. Wood speaks with Susan Li on Bloomberg Television's "First Up." (Source: Bloomberg)

Clashes broke out between police and demonstrators Sept. 10, 2011 as people took to the streets of Greece's second city of Thessaloniki in a mass protest against austerity measures. Photographer: Aris Messinis/AFP/Getty Images



Mario Blejer, who managed Argentina’s central bank in the aftermath of the world’s biggest sovereign default, said Greece should halt payments on its debt to stop a deterioration of the economy that threatens the European Union.

“This debt is unpayable,” Blejer, who was also an adviser to Bank of England Governor Mervyn King from 2003 to 2008, said in an interview in Buenos Aires. “Greece should default, and default big. A small default is worse than a big default and also worse than no default.”

World Bank and International Monetary Fund officials will meet in Washington Sept. 23-25 as European Union officials work to keep the currency union from unraveling and the Greek crisis worsens. Europe is facing “a full-blown banking crisis” said Mohamed El-Erian, chief executive officer of Pacific Investment Management Co., in an interview yesterday.

Rescue programs backed by the IMF and European Central Bank are “recession-creating” efforts that will leave Greece saddled with more debt relative to the size of its economy in coming years and stifle growth, Blejer said. A Greek default would push Portugal to do the same and would put Ireland “under tremendous pressure to at least symbolically default” on some of its debt, he added.

‘Totally Ridiculous’

“It’s totally ridiculous what is going on,” Blejer, 63, said. “If you assume that these countries do everything that is in the program, they do all these adjustments and privatizations, at the end of 2012 debt-to-GDP will be bigger than this year.”

The statements by Blejer, who ran Argentina’s central bank in the months after its default on $95 billion in debt, put him at odds with German Chancellor Angela Merkel, who said the risks of contagion from a Greek default are too big and that an “uncontrolled insolvency” would further agitate turbulent global markets.

German coalition officials stepped up their criticism of Greece last week after a delegation from the European Commission, European Central Bank and IMF suspended a report on progress made in Athens toward meeting the terms of its rescue program. The delay threatened to derail a payment to Greece due next month.

“It doesn’t make sense to give money to Greece so Greece can pay the Germans back,” Blejer said when asked about the aid programs. “All these projects, all the euro projects don’t make sense economically.”

‘Recipe for Disaster’

Domenico Lombardi, a former IMF board official and a senior fellow at the Brookings Institution in Washington, said a “disorderly default” in Greece would be “a recipe for disaster.”

“The spreading of the European crisis has gone so far that it would be really impossible to contain its spillover effects to the rest of the euro area,” Lombardi said in an interview.

An orderly default with private investor engagement would be better for Greece, he said.

Greece’s government now expects the economy to shrink more than 5 percent this year, more than the 3.8 percent forecast by the European Commission, as austerity measures deepen a three- year recession. Prime Minister George Papandreou approved a plan to help repair the budget deficit at the weekend amid swelling resistance from Greeks.

It costs a record $5.8 million upfront and $100,000 annually to insure $10 million of Greece’s debt for five years using credit-default swaps, up from $5.5 million in advance on Sept. 9, according to CMA.

‘Very Complicated’

Blejer didn’t advocate Greece leaving the euro zone, which he said would be a “very complicated” move that would force a rewriting of business contracts and would push more lenders toward bankruptcy. Germany and France will have to bear the brunt of financing efforts to help Greece and other countries that default re-start their economies, he said.

“Someone will have to pay,” said Blejer, who is a vice chairman of mortgage bank Banco Hipotecario SA (BHIP) and a board member of energy company YPF SA. (YPFD) “If they are not willing to pay for the euro they will have to get out of the euro.”

Greece’s 10-year bond yield rose 94 basis points, or 0.94 percentage point, to 24.48 percent at 5 p.m. in New York, after earlier climbing to a euro-era record of 25 percent.

Italian borrowing costs also jumped at a 6.5 billion-euro ($8.8 billion) bond auction yesterday as contagion from Europe’s debt crisis leaves investors shunning the region’s most-indebted nations. Italy’s Treasury sold 3.9 billion euros of a benchmark five-year bond to yield 5.6 percent, up from 4.93 percent for similar maturity securities sold in July.

Argentina Crisis

Blejer took the reins of Argentina’s central bank for five months starting in January 2002, when the country was reeling from the effects of its default and the loss of four presidents in just over two weeks. The government had just ended the peso’s one-to-one peg with the dollar when Blejer accepted the position from then-President Eduardo Duhalde.

To help stabilize the currency after the devaluation, Blejer created short-term bonds known as lebacs that paid an annual interest rate of as much as 140 percent, he said.

Argentina’s economy shrank 10.9 percent in 2002 before starting a nine-year growth streak, aided by rising commodity prices and an expansion in neighboring Brazil.

Blejer left the central bank in June 2002 after disputes with then-Economy Minister Roberto Lavagna over lifting restrictions on the withdrawal of bank deposits.

To contact the reporters on this story: Eliana Raszewski in Buenos Aires at eraszewski@bloomberg.net; Camila Russo in Buenos Aires at crusso15@bloomberg.net

To contact the editors responsible for this story: Joshua Goodman at jgoodman19@bloomberg.net; James Hertling at jhertling@bloomberg.net



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World Must ’Get House in Order,’ Not Rely on China: Wen

By Bloomberg News - Sep 14, 2011 11:43 AM GMT+0700

Enlarge image China's Premier Wen Jiabao

Wen Jiabao, China's premier. Photographer: Nelson Ching/Bloomberg

Sept. 14 (Bloomberg) -- Patrick Chovanec, a professor at Tsinghua University’s School of Economics and Management in Beijing, talks about China's the potential role as an emergency lender to Italy amid the European debt crisis. Chovanec, speaking with Rishaad Salamat on Bloomberg Television's "On the Move Asia," also discusses China's economy. (Source: Bloomberg)


Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao, facing calls to widen support for indebted European countries, signaled that developed nations should cut deficits and create jobs rather than relying on China to bail out the world economy.

“Countries must first put their own houses in order,” Wen said today at the World Economic Forum in the Chinese city of Dalian. “Developed countries must take responsible fiscal and monetary policies. What is most important now is to prevent the further spread of the sovereign debt crisis in Europe.”

Wen reiterated his message in June that China can offer “a helping hand” to Europe through investing there. At the same time, his government would ensure the nation’s economic growth remained stable, he said today. Wen called on the European Union and the U.S. to open their markets in return.

“What he is basically saying is China wants to help, they want to invest, but we can’t help you take the proper measures to control the debt crisis, you’ve got to do that on your own,” said William Rhodes, a senior adviser to Citigroup Inc. who was at Wen’s speech.

Stocks dropped in Asia, while oil and the euro fell following Wen’s comments. The MSCI Asia Pacific Index gave up its early gain of as much as 0.3 percent to trade 1.8 percent lower at 12:05 p.m. in Hong Kong. Crude oil in New York was 1.4 percent lower at $88.91 a barrel, while 104.87 yen bought one euro, from 105.56 yen earlier today.

‘Doomsday’ Scenario

Greek Prime Minister George Papandreou will hold a conference call with German Chancellor Angela Merkel and French President Nicolas Sarkozy today amid increasing speculation that Greece will default. Spain is scheduled to sell debt tomorrow, after demand fell at an auction by Italy yesterday.

A default by Greece would be a “doomsday” scenario, Rhee Chang Yong, chief economist of the Asian Development Bank, said in Hong Kong today. “That’s the responsibility of the European and advanced economies’ policy makers not to let this happen, because if this happens, there would be huge turmoil in the global financial market.”


Treasury Secretary Timothy F. Geithner will press EU finance ministers when he meets with them this week, a euro-area official said. The official spoke on condition of anonymity because preparations for the meeting in Wroclaw, Poland, on Sept. 16 and 17 are confidential. It will be the first time Geithner has attended a session of Europe’s Economic and Financial Affairs Council, or Ecofin.

Sustainable Growth

The European crisis was “very, very damaging in the American economy last summer,” Geithner told Bloomberg Television on Sept. 9. “It’s very important to the world that Europeans do what they need to do so that the problems they’re facing don’t spread.”

Wen said he was confident that China would achieve “longer term, better quality” economic expansion, and that this would be the country’s contribution to sustainable global growth. The Chinese government would adopt policies to avoid volatility in its economy, he said.

In return, Wen called on the U.S. to maintain fiscal and financial stability and “ensure the interests of global investors.” China’s $3.2 trillion of foreign exchange reserves make it the biggest holder of U.S. Treasuries.

The U.S. needs to lift export restrictions and, together with the EU, open markets to investment by Chinese companies, Wen said.

Quid Pro Quo

“We have on many occasions expressed our readiness to extend a helping hand, and our readiness to increase our investment in Europe,” Wen said. At the same time “we believe they should recognize China’s full market economy status” before the 2016 deadline set by the World Trade Organization. “To show one’s sincerity on this issue a few years ahead of that time is the way a friend treats another friend,” he said.

Market economy status would help Chinese exporters defend themselves in investigations that they are selling goods at below cost in the EU. As part of its accession agreement to join the WTO in December 2001, China agreed to be recognized as a non-market economy for 15 years in anti-dumping probes.

“China is increasingly using these investments as a way to get some political influence,” said Jan Lambregts, global head of financial market research at Rabobank International in London. “If there is a quid pro quo for the Chinese, they would be interested.”

The Chinese government shouldn’t buy bonds issued by individual euro-area countries because their leaders and the European Central Bank are in disarray, said Yu Yongding, a former adviser to China’s central bank.

Bailout Target

The nation is not a lender of last resort for “troubled countries,” Yu, who is based in Beijing, said in e-mailed comments today. “China has to wait until it can see a clearer road map by euro countries for solving sovereign-debt problems.”

Brazilian Finance Minister Guido Mantega said yesterday that officials from Russia, India, China and South Africa will discuss next week ways to help Europe overcome its debt crisis.

The European “countries are not poor,” said Rhodes, author of “Banker to the World: Leadership Lessons from the Front Lines of Global Finance.” “They have got to get their act together, just like we have to in the United States.”

Italian officials held talks in the past few weeks with Chinese counterparts about potential investments in the country, an Italian government official said Sept. 12, adding that bonds weren’t the focus. Italy joins Spain, Greece and Portugal among borrowers that turned to China since the 2007 collapse in U.S. mortgage securities set off a crisis that widened to engulf euro-region sovereign debtors.

“A few months ago, China said it would buy Eurozone debt but then they bought really little of it at auctions,” Lambregts said. “They haven’t really been putting their money where their mouth is.”

To contact the editor responsible for this story: Peter Hirschberg at phirschberg@bloomberg.net



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Decline in U.S. Household Income Raises Stakes for 2012 Presidential Race

By Catherine Dodge - Sep 14, 2011 11:00 AM GMT+0700

Enlarge image Poverty in U.S. Rose to 17-Year High in 2010, Income Fell

“Families are struggling to put food on the table, and they don’t have the purchasing power to help the economy recover,” said Isabel Sawhill , a senior fellow at the Brookings Institution in Washington. Photographer: Kevork Djansezian/Getty Images

Sept. 13 (Bloomberg) -- The U.S. poverty rate rose to the highest level in almost two decades and household income fell in 2010, underscoring the lingering impact of the worst economic slump in seven decades. Data released by the Census Bureau today showed the proportion of people living in poverty climbed to 15.1 percent last year from 14.3 percent in 2009 and median household income declined 2.3 percent. Shannon Pettypiece reports on Bloomberg Television's "InBusiness with Margaret Brennan." (Source: Bloomberg)

A teenager who collects bottles and cans and lives in a city shelter walks near Times Square on April 14, 2011. Photographer: Spencer Platt/Getty Images

Stagnating incomes and rising poverty will be at the heart of the 2012 presidential campaign that’s focusing on joblessness, and will give added urgency to debates in Washington and statehouses across the U.S. over budget cuts to programs designed to protect families from hardship. Photographer: Mario Tama/Getty Images


U.S. household income fell to its lowest level in more than a decade in 2010 and poverty rose to a 17-year high, setting the stage for the debate over jobs and the economy that will dominate the 2012 presidential race.

Median household income declined 2.3 percent, and the proportion of people living in poverty last year climbed to 15.1 percent, or almost one in six Americans, from 14.3 percent in 2009, a U.S. Census Bureau report yesterday showed.

Income and poverty issues are at the heart of the political discussion in Washington, with President Barack Obama pushing a $447 billion jobs proposal and a special congressional committee deliberating over $1.5 trillion in deficit cuts. Policy makers are wrestling with the question of whether to extend initiatives designed to address hardship stemming from the recession, the nation’s worst economic slump in seven decades.

“All of that raises the stakes for the decisions that President Obama and Congress will make in coming months,” Robert Greenstein, president of the Center on Budget and Policy Priorities in Washington, said in a statement.

The census report underscored that middle-class Americans continued to struggle during the recovery. Those trends may worsen this year as the economy weakened.

“I can’t think of ways the picture could be much worse,” said Ron Haskins, a senior fellow at the Brookings Institution in Washington. “We have had more than a decade of difficult numbers. It’s not about to end.”

Lowest Since 1996

Yearly median household income reached its lowest level since 1996, slipping to $49,445 from $50,599 the year before. The 46.2 million Americans living in poverty was the highest in the 52 years since the Census Bureau began gathering that statistic and was up from 43.6 million in 2009.

“The distress the consumers are feeling now is historic in its scope,” said Mark Cole, chief operating officer at CredAbility, a provider of non-profit credit counseling.

An index that tracks the financial condition of the average household published by Atlanta-based CredAbility hit a low in the fourth quarter of 2009. Out of the 31 years CredAbility has measured consumer distress, the worst rankings have occurred in the last 13 quarters.

The number of Americans who didn’t work at least one week out of the year increased to 86 million from 83 million in 2009, said Trudi Renwick, chief of the Census Bureau’s poverty statistics branch. If unemployment insurance benefits were excluded from income, 3.2 million more Americans would have been in poverty, the Census Bureau said.

Obama’s ‘Broken Promise’

The Republican National Committee issued a statement highlighting the report as evidence of Obama’s “broken promise on poverty” and the failure of his economic policies.

The home state of Texas Governor Rick Perry, the frontrunner in the contest for the Republican presidential nomination, saw its poverty rate climb to 18.4 percent from 17.3 percent and had the sixth-highest rate among the 50 states.

Americans’ financial difficulties add urgency to the arguments in Washington and statehouses across the U.S. over budget cuts to programs designed to protect families from falling into poverty. The census figures showed the third consecutive annual increase in the U.S. poverty rate.

That trend won’t reverse itself without “concerted action” on the part of policy makers, said Melissa Boteach, who leads a campaign to reduce poverty at the Center for American Progress, a Washington-based research group with ties to the Obama administration.

Falling Income

Since 2007, the year before the recession, median household income has fallen 6.4 percent, the Census Bureau said. The number continued to decline even as the U.S. economy expanded 3 percent in 2010. Growth has slowed this year to an annual rate of less than 1 percent, sparking concern that the financial plight of families will intensify and hamper the recovery.

The data show that in 2010, a year when corporate profits were soaring and the economy was pulling out of recession, Americans saw their fortunes decline. The earnings of women who worked full time were about 77 percent of those of men, about the same gap as in 2009.

“Even in good economic times, the number of Americans who were struggling to make ends meet and had declining income was going in the wrong direction,” said Boteach. “People are right to have some frustration that the economic gains of the last decade, when they were happening, weren’t shared.”

U.S. households have little to cheer about as job creation stagnated last month and hourly wages retreated. The unemployment rate has hovered at or above 9 percent for more than two years. Consumer confidence fell to the second-lowest level this year for the week that ended Sept. 4.

Recouping Losses

Since the low point in the labor market downturn in February 2010, nonfarm payrolls have increased by 1.9 million, showing that without stronger growth, it will take years to recoup about 8.7 million jobs lost as a result of the recession that began in December 2007 and ended in June 2009.

The 2010 figures “tell us how the changing economic conditions have really impacted the American family.” said Robert Groves, director of the Census Bureau, on a conference call with reporters.

The numbers are part of an annual report on income, poverty and health insurance released by the Census Bureau. The data are based on a survey of about 100,000 addresses that’s used as the primary source of figures about the nation’s labor force.

As defined by the Office of Management and Budget and updated for inflation using the Consumer Price Index, the weighted average poverty threshold for a family of four in 2010 was $22,314.

Declines in Midwest

Among ethnic groups, median income declined for white and black households, and changes in Hispanic and Asian households weren’t statistically significant. Incomes declined in the Midwest, South and West and were little changed in the Northeast.

Adding to the woes is the number of Americans without health insurance. It increased to 49.9 million from 49 million, or about 16.3 percent of the population, though the bureau said the change wasn’t statistically significant. The overall percentage of people with insurance didn’t change.

The number of Americans with private insurance was 195.9 million, unchanged from 2009, the bureau said. The number enrolled in public programs including Medicaid and Medicare grew to 31 percent, or 95 million, from 93.2 million in 2009.

Medicaid enrolled about 48.6 million people last year, the bureau said, or 15.9 percent of the population. The figures were little changed from 2009.

To contact the reporter on this story: Catherine Dodge in Washington at cdodge1@bloomberg.net

To contact the editor responsible for this story: Mark Silva at msilva34@bloomberg.net





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